Moment of force is force times perpendicular distance from pivot

Steps:

• Define moment of force as the rotational effect, given by F times the perpendicular distance to the line of action.
• Identify d as the perpendicular distance between the force F and the pivot, as stated.
• Apply the formula: moment = F × d.
• Compare to options: F × d matches choice C.

Why C is correct:

• By definition, moment (torque) = F × perpendicular distance (d) from pivot to line of force.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Divides by d, which inverts the formula and underestimates torque.
• B: Omits distance entirely, ignoring lever arm effect.
• D: Uses l (actual distance along lever), not the required perpendicular distance d.

Final answer: C