Properties of Alpha Particles

Steps:

• Alpha particle is a helium nucleus (2 protons, 2 neutrons).
• Evaluate P: Positive charge from 2 protons.
• Evaluate Q: Low penetrating power, stopped by thin materials like paper.
• Evaluate R: Particulate radiation, not electromagnetic waves.

Why A is correct:

• Alpha particles carry a +2 charge due to two protons, as defined in nuclear physics.

Why the others are wrong:

• B: Q is false; alpha particles have low, not high, penetrating ability.
• C: Includes Q, which incorrectly states high penetration.
• D: Q is false (low penetration); R is false (alpha is not electromagnetic).

Final answer: A