Transverse wave refraction involves bending due to speed change in a medium

Steps:

• Identify transverse waves: Electromagnetic waves like light and infrared vibrate perpendicular to propagation.
• Recall refraction: Occurs when waves change speed entering a new medium, causing bending if not perpendicular.
• Evaluate options: Check for transverse wave and clear refraction example.
• Select match: Choose where transverse wave bends in medium boundary.

Why B is correct:

• Infrared waves are transverse electromagnetic waves that refract at the core-cladding boundary in an optical fiber due to differing refractive indices, following Snell's law (n₁ sin θ₁ = n₂ sin θ₂).

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Describes refraction but focuses on focusing effect in a lens, not explicitly the bending process.
• C: Ultrasound is a longitudinal mechanical wave, not transverse, so cannot refract as a transverse wave.
• D: Water waves hitting a barrier demonstrate reflection, not refraction.

Final answer: B