Measuring Heat Required for Temperature Change in a Specific Object Steps: - Identify the energy Q needed to raise the nail's temperature by ΔT = 10.0 °C using Q = mcΔT, where m is the nail's mass and c is specific heat capacity. - Recognize that for a fixed object like the nail, mc equals the heat capacity C of the nail. - Note the experiment targets Q for this specific nail and ΔT, so Q = C ΔT determines C. - Conclude the student finds C, the heat capacity, as it quantifies energy for the object's temperature change. Why A is correct: - Heat capacity C is defined as the energy required to change an object's temperature by 1 °C (Q = C ΔT), directly matching the experiment's goal for the specific nail. Why the others are wrong: - B: Latent heat applies to phase changes without temperature alteration, but here only temperature changes. - C: Specific heat capacity c is energy per unit mass per °C for the material, not the total for the nail. - D: Specific …