Geothermal Heat to Electricity

Steps:

• Geothermal power stations use heat from Earth's interior (thermal energy) extracted via hot water or steam.
• This thermal energy heats a working fluid to produce steam.
• The steam drives turbines connected to generators.
• Generators convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy.

Why C is correct:

• In geothermal plants, the primary useful transformation follows the second law of thermodynamics, where low-grade thermal energy is upgraded to high-grade electrical energy for power distribution.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: This describes heating devices like toasters, not power generation.
• B: Potential energy to electrical fits hydroelectric dams, not heat-based geothermal.
• D: This reverses the process, like in electric heaters, opposite of a power station's output.

Final answer: C