Voltage divides equally across identical series resistors Steps: - Three identical resistors in series divide the cell's e.m.f. equally, so each drops one-third of the total voltage. - Voltmeter Q reads 8.0 V across two resistors, meaning the voltage drop per resistor is 8.0 V / 2 = 4.0 V. - Voltmeter P reads across one resistor, so its reading is 4.0 V. - Total e.m.f. of the cell is voltage across three resistors: 3 × 4.0 V = 12 V. Why B is correct: - Kirchhoff's voltage law states the sum of voltage drops equals the e.m.f., and equal resistors ensure proportional division (V = IR, same I and R). Why the others are wrong: - A: e.m.f. of 8.0 V cannot yield 8.0 V across two resistors, as that would exceed total voltage. - C: P at 8.0 V and Q at 8.0 V implies inconsistent placements, violating equal division. - D: P at 8.0 V across one resistor would make each drop 8.0 V, so Q across two should read 16 V, not 8.0 V. Final answer: …