Boyle's Law (P1V1 = P2V2 at constant T)

Steps:

• Identify initial conditions: V1 = 150 cm³, P1 = 120 kPa.
• Note final volume: V2 = 100 cm³; temperature constant, so use Boyle's Law.
• Apply formula: P2 = (P1 × V1) / V2.
• Calculate: P2 = (120 × 150) / 100 = 180 kPa.

Why B is correct:

• Boyle's Law defines inverse proportionality between pressure and volume at constant temperature for fixed gas mass, so halving volume (from 150 to 100 cm³) increases pressure by 1.5 times (150/100), yielding 180 kPa.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Assumes direct proportionality, which applies if temperature changes, not volume at constant T.
• C: Likely errors in calculation, such as (120 × 100) / 1.5 or unit mix-up, ignoring inverse relation.
• D: Extreme overestimate, possibly from squaring values or confusing cm³ with m³ units.

Final answer: B