Refraction at water-air interface

Steps:

• Light originates underwater and strikes the water surface at an angle.
• Water is optically denser than air, so light bends away from the normal upon entering air.
• Snell's law (n1 sin θ1 = n2 sin θ2) governs the bending, with θ2 > θ1 for rarer medium.
• The ray emerges into air along the refracted path.

Why C is correct:

• Depicts ray bending away from normal, matching Snell's law for light from denser (water) to rarer (air) medium.

Why the others are wrong:

• A shows reflection back into water, but the ray transmits outward.
• B shows straight path, ignoring refraction due to medium change.
• D shows bending toward normal, incorrect for denser-to-rarer transition.

Final answer: C