Electromagnetic Induction in Transformers

Steps:

• Evaluate statement 1: Incorrect, as alternating primary voltage induces alternating secondary voltage via mutual induction.
• Evaluate statement 2: Correct, alternating voltage drives alternating current in primary, creating changing magnetic flux in core.
• Evaluate statement 3: Correct, changing flux induces emf in secondary per Faraday's law, producing alternating voltage.
• Evaluate statement 4: Incorrect, unchanging voltage yields steady current and constant magnetic field, no induction.

Why C is correct:

• Statements 2 and 3 align with Faraday's law: ε = -dΦ/dt, where alternating primary voltage generates changing flux that induces alternating secondary voltage.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Includes incorrect statement 1, which misstates induced voltage as unchanging.
• B: Includes two incorrect statements (1 and 4), ignoring alternating nature of fields.
• D: Includes incorrect statement 4, which contradicts steady voltage producing no flux change.

Final answer: C