O Levels Physics (5054)•5054/11/M/J/24

Explanation
Turbine-free electricity generation
Steps:
- Recall that turbines convert mechanical energy to electrical energy via rotation in most power stations.
- Examine each option: hydroelectric uses water-driven turbines; nuclear uses steam-driven turbines; solar cells convert light directly to electricity; wind uses wind-driven turbines.
- Identify the option without mechanical rotation or turbine involvement.
Why C is correct:
- Solar cells generate electricity through the photovoltaic effect, where photons excite electrons in semiconductors, producing direct current without any moving parts or turbines.
Why the others are wrong:
- A: Hydroelectric stations use turbines rotated by falling water to drive generators.
- B: Nuclear stations heat water to steam, which spins turbines connected to generators.
- D: Wind generators employ turbines with blades rotated by wind to produce electricity.
Final answer: C
Topic: Energy resources
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