O Levels Physics (5054)•5054/11/M/J/22

Explanation
Stability depends on center of mass height Steps:
- Equal base areas mean identical support widths for tipping.
- Stability increases as center of mass (COM) height decreases for fixed base.
- Compare COM heights across shapes: lowest COM resists tipping best.
- Identify object with highest COM as least stable.
Why C is correct:
- C has the highest COM relative to base, reducing tipping angle per torque equilibrium (∑τ = 0 when COM projection exits base).
Why the others are wrong:
- A: Low COM from uniform squat shape ensures wide stability margin.
- B: Moderate COM height provides better balance than C.
- D: Lowest COM in compact form maximizes resistance to overturning.
Final answer: C
Topic: Centre of gravity
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