Heat Capacity as Total Thermal Response

Steps:

• Define heat capacity as the heat Q needed to change the temperature of an object by ΔT, given by C = Q / ΔT.
• Identify that for a body, this applies to the entire object, not normalized by mass or moles.
• Compare choices: A involves phase change, C specifies per kg (specific heat), D per mole (molar heat).
• Select B as it matches the total heat for 1°C rise without normalization.

Why B is correct:

• Heat capacity C is defined as the thermal energy required to raise the temperature of the entire body by 1°C, per the formula C = Q / ΔT.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Refers to latent heat for phase change, not temperature rise.
• C: Describes specific heat capacity, which is per kilogram.
• D: Describes molar heat capacity, which is per mole.

Final answer: B