Amplitude is maximum displacement from equilibrium

Steps:

• Identify the equilibrium line as the average height where the wave oscillates around (likely the ground or midline).
• Locate the peak height above equilibrium and trough below it from the diagram.
• Measure the vertical distance from equilibrium to the highest crest.
• The amplitude equals this maximum crest displacement, which is 34 cm.

Why B is correct:

• Amplitude is defined as the maximum distance from the rest position to a crest or trough in a transverse wave.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Underestimates by ignoring full displacement from midline.
• C: Confuses amplitude with full peak-to-peak distance (double the amplitude).
• D: Overestimates by adding unrelated diagram elements like total rope height.

Final answer: B