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O Levels Physics (5054)•5054/12/M/J/20
Question 23 from 5054/12/M/J/20

Explanation

Radiation heat loss dominates for exposed faces

Steps:

  • Identify primary heat loss mechanism: radiation, as convection/conduction minimized by insulation and identical setup.
  • Recall Stefan-Boltzmann law: net radiation heat transfer proportional to surface area and emissivity (black > white).
  • Compare areas: large face has greater area than small face, increasing total heat loss rate.
  • Determine fastest cooling: maximum area and emissivity yield highest radiation rate.

Why A is correct:

  • Large black face maximizes heat loss via high emissivity (near 1 for black) and large area, per Stefan-Boltzmann law (Q = εσA(T^4 - T_env^4)).

Why the others are wrong:

  • B: White paint lowers emissivity (ε < 1), reducing radiation despite large area.
  • C: Black paint aids emission, but small area limits total heat loss.
  • D: White paint and small area both minimize radiation.

Final answer: A

Topic: Radiation

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