O Levels Physics (5054)•5054/11/M/J/20

Explanation
Fuses prevent circuit overloads; nails do not.
Steps:
- The fuse blows due to excessive current from the kettle, indicating a fault like a short circuit.
- Replacing with a nail bypasses the fuse's protective function, as nails conduct electricity without melting.
- Without protection, high current can flow unchecked through the wiring.
- This overloads the house wiring, generating heat that may ignite a fire.
Why A is correct:
- Fuses are designed to melt at a specific current (per Ohm's law, I = V/R; high I causes heat), protecting wiring; a nail lacks this limit, allowing dangerous overloads.
Why the others are wrong:
- B: Fuse type doesn't affect water volume needed to boil.
- C: Boiling point of water is fixed at 100°C at standard pressure, independent of electrical issues.
- D: No real fuse exists with the nail, so blowing doesn't apply.
Final answer: A
Topic: Electrical safety
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