Wave Energy Transfer to Boat

Steps:

• The boat gains kinetic energy, which comes from the wave's energy.
• Wave energy is proportional to the square of amplitude (E ∝ A²).
• Energy loss reduces the wave's amplitude as it passes the boat.
• Frequency, speed, and wavelength remain unchanged in the uniform medium.

Why A is correct:

• Amplitude decreases because wave energy, proportional to A², is transferred to the boat's motion.

Why the others are wrong:

• B. Frequency is set by the wave source and unaffected by local energy transfer.
• C. Speed depends on water properties and remains constant.
• D. Wavelength is fixed by v = fλ, with v and f unchanged.

Final answer: A