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O Levels Physics (5054)•5054/11/M/J/19
Question 36 from 5054/11/M/J/19

Explanation

Motor speed depends on current from voltage

Steps:

  • Motor coil rotation frequency is proportional to torque on the coil.
  • Torque τ = N B I A (simplified for max effect), where I is current.
  • Current I = V / R by Ohm's law, so frequency scales with voltage V.
  • Lower voltage reduces I, torque, and rotation frequency.

Why C is correct:

  • Lower voltage decreases current (I = V/R), reducing torque and rotation frequency per motor principles.

Why the others are wrong:

  • A: More turns increases torque (higher N in τ = N B I A), raising frequency.
  • B: Reversing current changes rotation direction but not frequency.
  • D: Stronger magnet increases torque (higher B in formula), raising frequency.

Final answer: C

Topic: The d.c. motor

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