Sinusoidal Voltage Waveform in AC Generators

Steps:

• AC generators produce voltage that alternates periodically due to rotating magnetic flux.
• Voltage varies as V = V₀ sin(ωt), creating a smooth, symmetric wave.
• Graph must show oscillation between positive and negative peaks without abrupt changes.
• Select option with continuous sine curve crossing zero regularly.

Why D is correct:

• It shows a smooth sinusoidal curve, matching V = V₀ sin(ωt) from Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Constant line represents DC output, not alternating.
• B: Linear ramp indicates unidirectional increase, like a sawtooth, not AC.
• C: Square wave has sharp transitions, unlike smooth AC sine variation.

Final answer: D