Distinguishing Absolute vs. Relative Poverty Definitions

Steps:

• Recall absolute poverty as inability to meet basic needs like food and shelter, independent of society.
• Recall relative poverty as income below a societal benchmark, such as 50% of median income.
• Compare choices to these definitions, focusing on first part for absolute and second for relative.
• Select the choice that precisely matches both concepts without extraneous details.

Why B is correct:

• Absolute poverty is lacking funds for essentials like food and clothes; relative poverty is having less than half the population's median income, per standard economic definitions.

Why the others are wrong:

• A confuses poverty with migration rates, unrelated to income thresholds.
• C limits absolute to a specific $1/day metric, ignoring broader necessities; relative part is vague.
• D incorrectly equates both to necessities, while relative involves societal standards beyond basics.

Final answer: B