Trade Unions Boost Firm Efficiency Through Productivity Gains

Steps:

• Identify firm benefits: Activities that reduce costs, increase output, or improve operations.
• Evaluate options: Check if each enhances firm performance without harm.
• Compare impacts: Focus on long-term gains like productivity vs. short-term disruptions.
• Select best: Choose the one directly aiding firm goals.

Why D is correct:

• Training raises worker productivity, directly increasing firm output and efficiency per economic productivity theory (output per worker).

Why the others are wrong:

• A: Balloting to prevent redundancies disrupts operations and raises short-term costs.
• B: Campaigning for higher wages increases labor costs, squeezing firm profits.
• C: Instructing strikes halts production, causing financial losses and delays.

Final answer: D