Comparing HDI and Real GDP Components

Steps:

• Define HDI: Combines life expectancy, education (mean and expected years of schooling), and GNI per capita.
• Define real GDP: Measures total value of goods and services produced, adjusted for inflation, focusing on economic output.
• Evaluate choices: Check which accurately describes unique inclusions in HDI versus real GDP.
• Identify correct statement: A matches HDI's non-economic dimensions absent in GDP.

Why A is correct:

• HDI explicitly incorporates health (life expectancy) and education (years of schooling) indices, while real GDP only captures economic production without social welfare metrics.

Why the others are wrong:

• B: Real GDP directly measures output level; HDI includes output indirectly via GNI per capita.
• C: Neither HDI nor real GDP includes unemployment; that's measured by labor statistics.
• D: Real GDP includes net exports (exports minus imports); HDI does not.

Final answer: A